Surge protectors are devices designed to protect appliances and electrical equipment connected to the the main incoming electrical distribution board. For those who doesn't know how a surge protector works, I will explain the basics. Inside a SPD (surge protector device) there are MOV (metal oxide varistor) components, on the live and on the neutral for AC and on the positive and negative for DC electricity. The MOVs are placed inside the surge protector to "absorb" any excess voltage and then act as a "shunt" resistor to divert the excess current to the ground.
NOW HERE IS THE ISSUE: According to most solar inverter manufacturers service and installation manuals PV or solar panel inputs to the inverter must not be grounded. The following extract from Sunsynk Training Manual contradicts the general excepted rule of connecting SPD's to solar panels and the connection to the inverter.
"F24 - DC insulation impedance failure
This error is caused by an earth fault on the solar panel, which means that the positive or negative solar
cable is touching the ground. This problem can be very dangerous.
To clear this fault, you will need to check each solar panel/array to isolate the fault."
"To avoid any malfunction:
◼ Do not connect any PV modules with possible current leakage to the inverter. For example, grounded PV
modules will cause current leakage to the inverter."
All SPD's have some current leakage to ground as a ground/earth wire together with the PV positive and negative are connected to the surge protector.
To my understanding, inverter connection's and installations should be done in accordance to the manufacturer specifications and not third party regulations which are applicable to utility electrical installations.