Must say, I am still curious why this happened. Assuming it was an MPPT controller (and not PWM), and that it used a synchronous Buck converter, my guess would be that what we have here is "shoot through", a condition that happens when both the top and bottom MOSFET is turned on simultaneously, causing a dead short. I read a lot about how this can happen accidentally, though don't understand the half of it. I would guess that perhaps the Victron charger has somewhat of a ripple on the output (all chargers have that) and that enough of this ripple made it into the Morningstar, pushing the FETs into conduction. This might not be solely the fault of the Victron charger's "poor ripple" (I doubt it has a poor ripple), it might have to do with internal resistance of the batteries, cables, how things were wired, etc.
I would think that if you have a PWM controller, you're probably safe. PWM controllers can have a diode between them and the battery too, I recall TTT posted wiring diagrams to that effect some time ago.